Guru Tegh Bahadur
Introduction of Guru Teg Bahadur
Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth
Guru of Sikhs, who founded the Sikh religion and was the leader of Sikhs from
1665 until 1675 till his execution by Aurangzeb. He was the youngest son of
Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh guru, and was born in Amritsar, Punjab, India,
in 1621. He was a knowledgeable spiritual scholar and poet whose 115 songs are
included in Sri Guru Adi Granth, Sikhism's main scripture. He was a principled
and fierce warrior. On the command of Aurangzeb, the sixth Mughal emperor, Guru
Tegh Bahadur was beheaded in Delhi, India.
Gurudwara Sis Ganj Sahib and Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib in Delhi are Sikh sacred sites that commemorate Guru Tegh Bahadur's execution and funeral. per the Nanakshahi calendar produced by the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee in 2003, his martyrdom is commemorated per annum on November 24 as Guru Tegh Bahadur's Shaheedi Divas.
Personal Details of Guru Tegh Bahadur
|
Personal
Details of Guru Tegh Bahadur |
|
|
Born |
Childhood Name: (Baba) Tyag Mal Born: 21 April 1621 Amritsar. |
|
Parents |
Father:
Guru Hargobind Mother:
Mata Nanaki |
|
Spouse |
Mata Gujri |
|
Children |
Guru Gobind Singh |
|
Died |
24 November 1675 ( Age54) Delhi. |
|
Cause of Death |
Execution by decapitate |
|
Battles/wars |
Battle of Kartarpur |
Biography of Guru Tegh Bahadur
Early Life
Guru Tegh Bahadur was the
youngest son of sixth Guru of Sikhs Guru Hargobind. Guru Hargobind had five
sons named Baba Gurditta, Suraj Mal, Ani Rai, Atal Rai, and Tyaga Mal. Guru
Hargobind had also one daughter, Bibi Viro. Tyaga Mal was born on April 1,
1621, in Amritsar. After demonstrating his valour in a very battle against the
Mughals, Guru Hargobind bestowed upon him the name Tegh Bahadur (Mighty of the
Sword).
At the time, Amritsar was the
spiritual centre of the Sikh faith. because the seat of the Sikh Gurus, it had
developed the qualities of a capital, with linkages to Sikhs in far-flung parts
of the country through chains of Masands or missionaries. Guru Tegh Bahadur was
nurtured in a very Sikh family and underwent archery and riding training. The
Vedas, Upanishads, and Puranas, in addition as other ancient books, were also
taught to him. Long periods of isolation and thought were his favourite
pastimes. On February 3, 1632, Tegh Bahadur married Mata Gujri.
Relocated to Bakala
Guru Hargobind and his wife
Nanki, together with Tegh Bahadur and Mata Gujri, relocated to his ancestral
hamlet of Bakala in Amritsar district within the 1640s, as he approached death.
in keeping with Gurbilas Dasvi
In Sikh tradition, there's a
legend of how Tegh Bahadur was chosen because the ninth guru. Baba Makhan Shah
Labana, a wealthy businessman, had once pleaded for his life andn Patshahi,
Bakala was an affluent town with numerous magnificent ponds, wells, and baolis
during the time. Tegh Bahadur remained to reside at Bakala together with his
wife and mother after Guru Hargobind's death
Journey started as Guru
Guru Har Krishan contracted
smallpox in March 1664. When his supporters questioned who would lead them
after him, he said Baba Bakala, which meant Bakala would be his successor.
Taking advantage of the paradox within the dying Guru's statements, numerous
people founded shop in Bakala, claiming to be the new Guru. Sikhs were
perplexed by the massive number of claims. pledged to convey the Sikh Guru 500
gold coins if he lived. He arrived in quest of the Guru's ninth incarnation. He
made his homage to every claimant and offered two gold coins to every Guru,
assuming that the correct guru would remember of his secret pledge to present
500 coins in exchange for his protection. Every "guru" he met smiled
and thanked him for the 2 gold coins. Then he discovered that Tegh Bahadur was
also a Bakala resident. Tegh Bahadur received the regular offering of two gold
coins from Labana. Tegh Bahadur bestowed his blessings on him, but noted that
his contribution fell far wanting the promised five hundred rupees. Makhan Shah
Labana immediately made amends and dashed upstairs. After that event he began
shouting from the rooftop, "I have found the Guru, i've got found the
Guru."
A Sikh Sangat landed in Bakala
in August 1664 and crowned Tegh Bahadur because the Sikhs' ninth guru. Diwan
Durga Mal led the Sangat, and Guru Teg Bahadur's elder brother, Baba Gurditta,
performed a proper "Tikka ceremony" conferring Guruship on him.
Guru Tegh Bahadur was flanked
by armed bodyguards, as had been the norm among Sikhs since the killing of Guru
Arjan by Mughal Emperor Jahangir. He himself had a frugal existence.Guru Tegh
Bahadur Work
Work of Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Tegh Bahadur composed many
hymns, notably the Saloks, or couplets near the tip of the Guru sacred writing.
Gobind Sahali ordered Guru Tegh Bahadur to create multiple Sikh temples in
Mahali after he toured various sections of the Mughal Empire. Guru Tegh Bahadur
compositions includes 116 shabads and 15 ragas, and his bhagats are attributed
with 782 bani creations in Sikhism.
The Guru religious text (pages
219–1427) contains his works. They discuss the character of God, human
attachments, the body, mind, sorrow, dignity, service, death, and deliverance,
among other things.
Guru Tegh Bahadur Journey
Guru Tegh Bahadur preached the
teachings of Nanak, the first Sikh guru, in many cities across the country,
including Dhaka and Assam. Sikh temples were built in the places he went and
stayed. Guru Tegh Bahadur established community water wells and langars on his
travels, spreading the Sikh principles and message (community kitchen charity
for the poor).
The Guru visited Kiratpur three
times in a row. On 21 August 1664,Guru Tegh Bahadur went to Kiratpur to console
Bibi Roop, after her father Guru Har
Rai, the seventh Sikh guru and his brother Guru Har Krishan, died.
Execution of Guru Tegh Bahadur
Tegh Bahadur set out from
Makhowal to challenge Mughal officials who were persecuting Kashmiri Brahmins,
but he was apprehended at Ropar and imprisoned in Sirhind. In November 1675, he
was transported to Delhi and given the option of performing a miracle to prove
his closeness to God or converting to Islam. The Guru refused, and three of his
colleagues were tortured to death in front of him: Bhai Mati Das was sawn into
pieces, Bhai Dayal Das was thrown into a cauldron of boiling water, and Bhai
Sati Das was burned alive. Tegh Bahadur was publicly beheaded in Chandni Chowk,
a market centre near the Red Fort, after that.
The Legacy of Guru Tegh Bahadur
Guru Tegh Bahadur's father was Guru Har Gobind. Tyag Mal was his actual name, but he was nicknamed Tegh Bahadur following his heroism and bravery in battles against Mughal armies. He was instrumental in saving a group of Kashmiri Pandits who were being persecuted by the Mughals by building the city of Anandpur Sahib.
Following the Mughal Emperor
Aurangzeb's execution of Tegh Bahadur, a number of Sikh shrines were built in
his and his associates' honour. In Chandni Chowk, Delhi, the Gurdwara Sis Ganj
Sahib was built over the spot where he was beheaded. Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Sahib,
located in Delhi, is built on the location of a disciple of Teg Bahadur's
house, which was burned down to bury his master.
The head of the slain Guru Teg
Bahadar, which was brought here by Bhai Jaita
in November 1675 in defiance of
the Mughal authority of Aurangzeb, was cremated at Gurdwara Sisganj Sahib in
Punjab. During his route to Anandpur Sahib, Bhai Jaita Singh passes via
Sonipat, a village near Delhi, where the Mughal army also passes through. Bhai
Jaita asks the people for assistance, so the villagers hide Bhai Jaita with
Guru's head. Kushal Singh Dahiya, a peasant, went ahead and offered his own
head to the Mughal troops in place of Guru's head. The villagers shuffle the
heads after beheading Kushal Singh Dahiya and offer the head of Kushal Singh
Dahiya to the Mughal troops.
Remembered for his sacrifice.
Tegh Bahadur is honoured for
laying down his life for religious freedom, reminding Sikhs and non-Muslims in
India that they can follow and practise their faiths without fear of
persecution or conversion by Muslims. Guru Tegh Bahadur, together with Bhai
Mati Dass, Bhai Sati Das, and Bhai Dayala, were martyred. The date of his
martyrdom, November 24, is recognised as a public holiday in some regions of
India.
Also Read
--:--
0 Comments